Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2228-5881 3 2 2013 12 30 Mesenchymal Stem Cells: New Aspect in Cell-Based Regenerative Therapy 433 437 10.5681/apb.2013.070 EN Mozhdeh Mohammadian Karim Shamsasenjan Parisa Lotfi nezhad Mehdi Talebi Mehdi Jahedi Hossein Nickkhah Neda Minayi Aliakbar Movassagh pour Journal Article 10.5681/apb.2013.070 2013 01 24 MSCs are multipotent progenitors which reside in bone marrow. They support hematopoietic stem cells homing, self renewal and differentiation in bone marrow. They can also differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocyates and many other tissues. In vivo, when trauma happens, MSCs operate cell renewal and migrate to the damaged tissues to regenerate that injury. In vitro, MSCs are able to proliferate and differentiate to a variety of cell lineages. This makes them a very hopeful tool for cell-based regenerative therapy for large bone defects, maxillofacial skeletal reconstruction, cardiovascular and spinal cord injury and so many other defects. The most important characteristic that make MSCs an excellent tool for cell replacement is their ability to escape from immune rejection. For therapeutic purposes they usually isolated from human bone marrow or fat and they should proliferate in order to reach an adequate number for implantation. Conventionally DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS is used for their expansion, but currently autologous platelet rich products are replaced FBS. Platelet granules contain so many growth factors that can support MSCs proliferation.