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Adv Pharm Bull. 2016;6(4): 581-587.
doi: 10.15171/apb.2016.072
PMID: 28101465
PMCID: PMC5241416
Scopus ID: 85011325164
  Abstract View: 2202
  PDF Download: 1574

Research Article

Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Topical Application of N-Acetyl Glucosamine

Lavin Aliasgharlou 1, Saeed Ghanbarzadeh 2, Hamideh Azimi 3, Mohammad Hossein Zarrintan 4, Hamed Hamishehkar 5*

1 Biotechnology Research Center and Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Students Research Committee, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
3 Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
5 Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
*Corresponding Author: Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Email: hamishehkar.hamed@gmail.com

Abstract

Purpose: Hyperpigmentation occurs when melanin is overproduced in certain spots on the skin and is one of the most challenging skin conditions to treat. Although it is usually harmless, for cosmetic reasons, it is dreadfully bothersome to those who undergo it. It was reported that N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAGA) prevents melanin synthesis and alters the expression of numerous genes related to pigmentation. In spite of these advantages, NAGA cannot be employed in topical formulations due to its extremely polar characteristics. Nanoparticles, especially lipid-based ones, have been introduced as an efficient carrier for dermal drug delivery. Methods: The aim of the present study was to load adequate hydrophilic NAGA to the lipophilic nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for potential dermal application. Methods: NAGA-loaded NLCs were formulated, using hot homogenization technique, and the characteristics of the optimized formulation were analyzed by laser light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy methods. Loading capacity percentage and in vitro release study were carried out by applying a validated HPLC method. The optimum formulation was utilized for the in vivo skin lightening evaluations in healthy volunteers. Results: NAGA-loaded NLCs demonstrated promising results (the size of 190 nm, narrow size distribution, loading capacity of 9%, and appropriate NAGA release profile) suitable for dermal delivery. XRD results exhibited a dramatic reduction in the crystalline structure of encapsulated NAGA. Dermoscopy images indicated a considerable decline in melanin distribution pattern in the majority of the cases treated with NAGA-loaded NLCs. Conclusion: Thus, this study has opened new horizons for the potential use of lipid based nanoparticles in the managing of hyperpigmentation.
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Submitted: 01 May 2016
Revision: 30 Oct 2016
Accepted: 01 Nov 2016
ePublished: 22 Dec 2016
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