Logo-apb
Adv Pharm Bull. 2017;7(3): 427-432. doi: 10.15171/apb.2017.051
PMID: 29071225        PMCID: PMC5651064

Research Article

Nanoparticles of Chitosan Loaded Ciprofloxacin: Fabrication and Antimicrobial Activity

Zahra Sobhani 1,2, Soliman Mohammadi Samani 3 * , Hashem Montaseri 1, Elham Khezri 1

Cited by CrossRef: 90


1- Liu L, Ma Q, Wang S, Gao Y, Zhu C, Zhao W, Sun W, Ma H, Sun Y. Efficient epidermal delivery of antibiotics by self-assembled lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced therapy on epidermal bacterial infections. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2022;218:568 [Crossref]
2- Yayehrad A, Wondie G, Marew T. Different Nanotechnology Approaches for Ciprofloxacin Delivery Against Multidrug-Resistant Microbes. IDR. 2022;Volume 15:413 [Crossref]
3- Herimatha A, Mutta S, Bose A, Balla A. Clarithromycin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: Development and Characterization. CAPS. 2021;4(1):55 [Crossref]
4- Barrera-Martínez C, Padilla-Vaca F, Liakos I, Meléndez-Ortiz H, Cortez-Mazatan G, Peralta-Rodríguez R. Chitosan microparticles as entrapment system for trans- cinnamaldehyde: Synthesis, drug loading, and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2021;166:322 [Crossref]
5- Yadav P, Yadav A, Gaur P, Mishra V, Huma Z, Sharma N, Son Y. Bioengineered Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Bovine Mastitis. Biomedicines. 2022;10(12):3282 [Crossref]
6- Balde A, Kim S, Abdul N. Crab (Charybdis natator) exoskeleton derived chitosan nanoparticles for the in vivo delivery of poorly water-soluble drug: Ibuprofen. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2022;212:283 [Crossref]
7- Yassin A, Albekairy A, Omer M, Almutairi A, Alotaibi Y, Althuwaini S, Alaql O, Almozaai S, Almutiri N, Alluhaim W, Alzahrani R, Alterawi A, Halwani M. Chitosan-Coated Azithromycin/Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles: A Characterization and Potency Study. NSA. 2023;Volume 16:59 [Crossref]
8- Pignatello R, Leonardi A, Fuochi V, Petronio Petronio G, Greco A, Furneri P. A Method for Efficient Loading of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride in Cationic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: Formulation and Microbiological Evaluation. Nanomaterials. 2018;8(5):304 [Crossref]
9- Asapur P, Banerjee I, Sahare P, Mahapatra S. Spectroscopic analysis of Muga silk nanoparticles synthesized by microwave method. Biotech and App Biochem. 2021;68(2):345 [Crossref]
10- Karuppaiah A, Babu D, Selvaraj D, Natrajan T, Rajan R, Gautam M, Ranganathan H, Siram K, Nesamony J, Sankar V. Building and behavior of a pH-stimuli responsive chitosan nanoparticles loaded with folic acid conjugated gemcitabine silver colloids in MDA-MB-453 metastatic breast cancer cell line and pharmacokinetics in rats. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2021;165:105938 [Crossref]
11- Sultan M, Moni S, Alqahtani S, Ali Bakkari M, Alshammari A, Almoshari Y, Alshahrani S, Madkhali O, Mohan S. Design, physicochemical characterisation, and in vitro cytotoxicity of cisplatin-loaded PEGylated chitosan injectable nano / sub-micron crystals. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2023;31(6):861 [Crossref]
12- Yadav K, Yadav D, Kumar S, Narra K, El-Sherbiny M, Al-Serwi R, Othman G, Sendy J, Mohamed J. Natural biodegradable and polymeric nanoparticles for the delivery of noscapine for cancer treatment. Biomass Conv Bioref. 2022; [Crossref]
13- Simpson E, Sarwar H, Jack I, Lowry D. Evaluation of the Potential of Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Delivery Vehicle for Gentamicin for the Treatment of Osteomyelitis. Antibiotics. 2024;13(3):208 [Crossref]
14- Kanth S, Malgar Puttaiahgowda Y, Gupta S, T. S. Recent advancements and perspective of ciprofloxacin-based antimicrobial polymers. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. 2023;34(7):918 [Crossref]
15- Hamed A, Ghareeb D, Mohamed T, Hamed M, Nofal M, Gaber M. Caffeine-folic acid-loaded-chitosan nanoparticles combined with methotrexate as a novel HepG2 immunotherapy targeting adenosine A2A receptor downstream cascade. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2023;23(1) [Crossref]
16- Pereira F, Melo M, Santos Á, Oliveira K, Diz F, Ligabue R, Morrone F, Severino P, Fricks A. Hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles as carrier for the enzyme/prodrug complex based on horseradish peroxidase/indole-3-acetic acid: Characterization and potential therapeutic for bladder cancer cells. Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 2021;150:109889 [Crossref]
17- Hameed M, Rasul A, Latif S, Rasool M, Abbas G, Siddique M, Waqas M, Khan I, Yousaf A, Shah P. Fabrication of moxifloxacin HCl-loaded biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles for potential antibacterial and accelerated cutaneous wound healing efficacy. Journal of Microencapsulation. 2022;39(1):37 [Crossref]
18- Akhlaq A, Ashraf M, Ovais Omer M, Altaf I. Synergistic antibacterial activity of carvacrol loaded chitosan nanoparticles with Topoisomerase inhibitors and genotoxicity evaluation. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2023;30(9):103765 [Crossref]
19- Balagangadharan K, Trivedi R, Vairamani M, Selvamurugan N. Sinapic acid-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in polycaprolactone electrospun fibers for bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2019;216:1 [Crossref]
20- Bharathala S, Singh R, Sharma P. Controlled release and enhanced biological activity of chitosan-fabricated carbenoxolone nanoparticles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2020;164:45 [Crossref]
21- Ahmed F, Mustafa M, Tayyab M, Sarwer M, Khan H, Zaheer L. Fabrication and In vitro Evaluation of Chitosan-based Nanocomposites through Ionic Gelation Method for the Sustained Release Drug Delivery of Nicorandil. 2023;15(4):338 [Crossref]
22- Kucukoglu V, Uzuner H, Kenar H, Karadenizli A. In vitro antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin loaded chitosan microparticles and their effects on human lung epithelial cells. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2019;569:118578 [Crossref]
23- Binesh N, Farhadian N, Mohammadzadeh A. Enhanced antibacterial activity of uniform and stable chitosan nanoparticles containing metronidazole against anaerobic bacterium of Bacteroides fragilis. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2021;202:111691 [Crossref]
24- Bushra R, Ahmad M, Seidi F, Seidi Q, Song J, Jin Y, Xiao H. Polysaccharide-based nanoassemblies: From synthesis methodologies and industrial applications to future prospects. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science. 2023;318:102953 [Crossref]
25- Joshi D, Joshi B. Optimization of Chitosan-wrapped Linagliptin Nanosuspension for Cognitive Enhancement Through Intranasal Route. NANOASIA. 2022;12(2) [Crossref]
26- Yanat M, Schroën K. Advances in chitin-based nanoparticle use in biodegradable polymers: A review. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2023;312:120789 [Crossref]
27- Neff J, Bayramov D, Patel E, Miao J. Novel Antimicrobial Peptides Formulated in Chitosan Matrices are Effective Against Biofilms of Multidrug-Resistant Wound Pathogens. 2020;185(Supplement_1):637 [Crossref]
28- Vitali A, Stringaro A, Colone M, Muntiu A, Angiolella L. Antifungal Carvacrol Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles. Antibiotics. 2021;11(1):11 [Crossref]
29- Guo Z, Jiang N, Moore J, McCoy C, Ziminska M, Rafferty C, Sarri G, Hamilton A, Li Y, Zhang L, Zhu S, Sun D. Nanoscale Hybrid Coating Enables Multifunctional Tissue Scaffold for Potential Multimodal Therapeutic Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11(30):27269 [Crossref]
30- da Rocha E, Bracht L, Gonçalves O, Leimann F, Ames F, Schneider L, Duda J, Cardia G, Bonetti C, Cuman R, Bersani-Amado C. Development and characterization of trans-anethole-containing solid lipid microparticles: antiinflammatory and gastroprotective effects in experimental inflammation. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol. 2023;396(3):469 [Crossref]
31- Mutaf T, Caliskan G, Ozel H, Akagac G, Öncel S, Elibol M. Green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using a sustainable microalgal metabolite solution for potential biotechnological activities. Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng. 2023;18(5) [Crossref]
32- Meng Q, Sun Y, Cong H, Hu H, Xu F. An overview of chitosan and its application in infectious diseases. Drug Deliv and Transl Res. 2021;11(4):1340 [Crossref]
33- Sultan M, Moni S, Madkhali O, Bakkari M, Alshahrani S, Alqahtani S, Alhakamy N, Mohan S, Ghazwani M, Bukhary H, Almoshari Y, Salawi A, Alshamrani M. Characterization of cisplatin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and rituximab-linked surfaces as target-specific injectable nano-formulations for combating cancer. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1) [Crossref]
34- Nuzaiba P, Gupta S, Gupta S, Jadhao S. Synthesis of L-methionine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for controlled release and their in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1) [Crossref]
35- Teno J, Pardo-Figuerez M, Figueroa-Lopez K, Prieto C, Lagaron J. Development of Multilayer Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride Electrospun Patches for Buccal Drug Delivery. JFB. 2022;13(4):170 [Crossref]
36- Abioye A, Sanyaolu A, Dudzinska P, Adepoju-Bello A, Coker H. Chitosan-induced Synergy for Extended Antimicrobial Potency and Enhanced In Vitro Drug Release of Free Base Ciprofloxacin Nanoplexes. PNT. 2020;8(1):33 [Crossref]
37- Chogale M, Gaikwad S, Kulkarni S, Patravale V. Quality-by-design Enabled Chitosan Nanoparticles for Antitubercular Therapy: Formulation, Statistical Optimization, and In Vitro Characterization. CDTH. 2021;16(1):64 [Crossref]
38- Melo M, Pereira F, Rocha M, Ribeiro J, Diz F, Monteiro W, Ligabue R, Severino P, Fricks A. Immobilization and characterization of horseradish peroxidase into chitosan and chitosan/PEG nanoparticles: A comparative study. Process Biochemistry. 2020;98:160 [Crossref]
39- Soliman N, Shakeel F, Haq N, Alanazi F, Alshehri S, Bayomi M, Alenazi A, Alsarra I. Development and Optimization of Ciprofloxacin HCl-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Using Box–Behnken Experimental Design. Molecules. 2022;27(14):4468 [Crossref]
40- Zare M, Mohammadi Samani S, Sobhani Z. Enhanced Intestinal Permeation of Doxorubicin Using Chitosan Nanoparticles. Adv Pharm Bull. 2018;8(3):411 [Crossref]
41- Marei N, Elwahy A, Salah T, El Sherif Y, El-Samie E. Enhanced antibacterial activity of Egyptian local insects' chitosan-based nanoparticles loaded with ciprofloxacin-HCl. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2019;126:262 [Crossref]
42- Kaur M, Cohen Y, Poverenov E, Eltzov E. Synergistic antimicrobial effect of the combination of beta-lactam antibiotics and chitosan derivative on multidrug-resistant bacteria. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2022;223:1107 [Crossref]
43- Alqahtani F, Aleanizy F, Tahir E, Alquadeib B, Alsarra I, Alanazi J, Abdelhady H. Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial activity of diclofenac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2019;27(1):82 [Crossref]
44- Kelly S, Rodgers A, O’Brien S, Donnelly R, Gilmore B. Gut Check Time: Antibiotic Delivery Strategies to Reduce Antimicrobial Resistance. Trends in Biotechnology. 2020;38(4):447 [Crossref]
45- Mohamed S, Mahmoud H, Embaby A, Haroun M, Sabra S. Lactoferrin/pectin nanocomplex encapsulating ciprofloxacin and naringin as a lung targeting antibacterial nanoplatform with oxidative stress alleviating effect. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2024;261:129842 [Crossref]
46- Teno J, Pardo-Figuerez M, Evtoski Z, Prieto C, Cabedo L, Lagaron J. Development of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Electrospun Yarns of Application Interest as Antimicrobial Surgical Suture Materials. Pharmaceutics. 2024;16(2):220 [Crossref]
47- Nalini T, Basha S, Sadiq A, Kumari V. In vitro cytocompatibility assessment and antibacterial effects of quercetin encapsulated alginate/chitosan nanoparticle. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2022;219:304 [Crossref]
48- Liu L, Zhao W, Ma Q, Gao Y, Wang W, Zhang X, Dong Y, Zhang T, Liang Y, Han S, Cao J, Wang X, Sun W, Ma H, Sun Y. Functional nano-systems for transdermal drug delivery and skin therapy. Nanoscale Adv. 2023;5(6):1527 [Crossref]
49- Ganesan S, Alagarasan J, Sonaimuthu M, Aruchamy K, Alkallas F, Ben Gouider Trabelsi A, Kusmartsev F, Polisetti V, Lee M, Lo H. Preparation and Characterization of Salsalate-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles: In Vitro Release and Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity. Marine Drugs. 2022;20(12):733 [Crossref]
50- Watcharadulyarat N, Rattanatayarom M, Ruangsawasdi N, Patikarnmonthon N. PEG–PLGA nanoparticles for encapsulating ciprofloxacin. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1) [Crossref]
51- R S, B A, N M. Preparation of ciprofloxacin-loaded oyster shell derived hydroxyapatite composite film for biomedical applications. J Aust Ceram Soc. 2023;59(3):621 [Crossref]
52- Lotfy V, Basta A. Optimizing the chitosan-cellulose based drug delivery system for controlling the ciprofloxacin release versus organic/inorganic crosslinker, characterization and kinetic study. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2020;165:1496 [Crossref]
53- Binesh N, Farhadian N, Mohammadzadeh A, Karimi M. Dual‐drug delivery of sodium ceftriaxone and metronidazole by applying salt‐assisted chitosan nanoparticles: Stability, drug release, and time‐kill assay study against Bacteroides fragilis. J of Applied Polymer Sci. 2023;140(2) [Crossref]
54- Obeidat W, Gharaibeh S, Jaradat A. The Influence of Drugs Solubilities and Chitosan-TPP Formulation Parameters on the Mean Hydrodynamic Diameters and Drugs Entrapment Efficiencies into Chitosan-TPP Nanoparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2022;23(7) [Crossref]
55- Faridi F, Abbasi S, Shoja S, Bahador N. Antibacterial Activity of Chitosan and PAβN on MexAB Expression in Clinical Isolates of Ciprofloxacin Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2021;14(5) [Crossref]
56- Hosseini S, Taheri M, Nouri F, Farmani A, Moez N, Arabestani M. Nano drug delivery in intracellular bacterial infection treatments. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2022;146:112609 [Crossref]
57- Hussein-Al-Ali S, Abudoleh S, Abdallah Abualassal Q, Abudayeh Z, Aldalahmeh Y, Hussein M. Arginine and chitosan modified magnetic nanoparticles in ciprofloxacin delivery: A comparative, characterization andin vitrorelease study. mat express. 2022;12(2):241 [Crossref]
58- Birk S, Haagensen J, Johansen H, Molin S, Nielsen L, Boisen A. Microcontainer Delivery of Antibiotic Improves Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Adv Healthcare Materials. 2020;9(10) [Crossref]
59- Mazzaccaro D, Ticozzi R, D'Alessandro S, Delbue S, Nano G, Costa E, Argenziano M, Cavalli R, Prato M, Basilico N. Effect of antibiotic-loaded chitosan nanodroplets on Enterococci isolated from chronic ulcers of the lower limbs. Future Microbiology. 2020;15(13):1227 [Crossref]
60- Rukmangathen R, Yallamalli I, Yalavarthi P. Formulation and biopharmaceutical evaluation of risperidone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for intranasal delivery. Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy. 2019;45(8):1342 [Crossref]
61- Bazán Henostroza M, Curo Melo K, Nishitani Yukuyama M, Löbenberg R, Araci Bou-Chacra N. Cationic rifampicin nanoemulsion for the treatment of ocular tuberculosis. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2020;597:124755 [Crossref]
62- Ebrahimnejad P, Rezaeiroshan A, Babaei A, Khanali A, Aghajanshakeri S, Farmoudeh A, Nokhodchi A, Deniz N. Hyaluronic Acid-Coated Chitosan/Gelatin Nanoparticles as a New Strategy for Topical Delivery of Metformin in Melanoma. BioMed Research International. 2023;2023:1 [Crossref]
63- Uhljar L, Alshweiat A, Katona G, Chung M, Radacsi N, Kókai D, Burián K, Ambrus R. Comparison of Nozzle-Based and Nozzle-Free Electrospinning for Preparation of Fast-Dissolving Nanofibers Loaded with Ciprofloxacin. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(8):1559 [Crossref]
64- Haji Hossein Tabrizi A, Habibi M, Foroohi F, Mohammadian T, Asadi Karam M. Investigation of the effects of antimicrobial and anti‐biofilm peptide IDR1018 and chitosan nanoparticles on ciprofloxacin‐resistant Escherichia coli. J Basic Microbiol. 2022;62(10):1229 [Crossref]
65- M, A, T, S, O. Chitosan as a Wound Dressing Starting Material: Antimicrobial Properties and Mode of Action. IJMS. 2019;20(23):5889 [Crossref]
66- Sharmin S, Rahaman M, Sarkar C, Atolani O, Islam M, Adeyemi O. Nanoparticles as antimicrobial and antiviral agents: A literature-based perspective study. Heliyon. 2021;7(3):e06456 [Crossref]
67- Caliskan G, Mutaf T, Agba H, Elibol M. Green Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Nanoparticles Using Microalga, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Geomicrobiology Journal. 2022;39(1):83 [Crossref]
68- Proboningrat A, Fadholly A, Iskandar R, Achmad A, Rantam F, Sudjarwo S. The potency of chitosan-based Pinus merkusii bark extract nanoparticles as anti-cancer on HeLa cell lines. Vet World. 2019;12(10):1616 [Crossref]
69- Grala D, Biernacki K, Freire C, Kuźniarska-Biernacka I, Souza H, Gonçalves M. Effect of natural deep eutectic solvent and chitosan nanoparticles on physicochemical properties of locust bean gum films. Food Hydrocolloids. 2022;126:107460 [Crossref]
70- Abosabaa S, ElMeshad A, Arafa M. Chitosan Nanocarrier Entrapping Hydrophilic Drugs as Advanced Polymeric System for Dual Pharmaceutical and Cosmeceutical Application: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Box-Behnken Design. Polymers. 2021;13(5):677 [Crossref]
71- Garcia Reyes C, Castillo Ramos V, Mangas Garcia G, Navarrete Casas R, Sanchez Polo M. Nanomateriales para el transporte y liberación controlada de ciprofloxacino en aplicaciones biomédicas. QUIMICAHOY. 2022;11(02):8 [Crossref]
72- Nwabuife J, Omolo C, Govender T. Nano delivery systems to the rescue of ciprofloxacin against resistant bacteria “E. coli; P. aeruginosa; Saureus; and MRSA” and their infections. Journal of Controlled Release. 2022;349:338 [Crossref]
73- Almeleebia T, Akhter M, Khalilullah H, Rahman M, Ahmad S, Alam N, Ali M, Khan G, Alanazi I, Shahzad N, Alalmaie A. Co-Delivery of Naringin and Ciprofloxacin by Oleic Acid Lipid Core Encapsulated in Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticle Composite for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity. ACS Omega. 2024;9(6):6845 [Crossref]
74- Huang Y, Liu D, Guo R, Wang B, Lu Y. Intelligent Jellyfish-type Janus Nanoreactor Targeting Synergistic Treatment of Bacterial Infections. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2023;6(6):2384 [Crossref]
75- G, Narayan S. Insight into the preparation of biopolymeric nanoparticles with lithium and their cellular uptake studies using PC 12 cells. Materials Research Innovations. 2022;26(7):415 [Crossref]
76- Hosseini S, Abdouss M, Mazinani S, Soltanabadi A, Kalaee M. Modified nanofiber containing chitosan and graphene oxide-magnetite nanoparticles as effective materials for smart wound dressing. Composites Part B: Engineering. 2022;231:109557 [Crossref]
77- Al-nemrawi N, Alkhatib R, Ayyad H, Alshraiedeh N. Formulation and characterization of tobramycin-chitosan nanoparticles coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2022;30(4):454 [Crossref]
78- Nosrati M, Ranjbar R. Investigation of the antibacterial and biofilm inhibitory activities of Prangos acaulis (DC.) Bornm in nanoparticulated formulation. Nanotechnology. 2022;33(38):385103 [Crossref]
79- Sabuj M, Huygens F, Spann K, Tarique A, Dargaville T, Will G, Wahab M, Islam N. Cytotoxic and Bactericidal Effects of Inhalable Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) Nanoparticles with Traces of Zinc Oxide. IJMS. 2023;24(5):4532 [Crossref]
80- Mahjoub M, Ebrahimnejad P, Shahlaee F, Ebrahimi P, Sadeghi-Ghadi Z. Preparation and Optimization of Controlled Release Nanoparticles Containing Cefixime Using Central Composite Design: An Attempt to Enrich Its Antimicrobial Activity. CDD. 2022;19(3):369 [Crossref]
81- Rashki S, Asgarpour K, Tarrahimofrad H, Hashemipour M, Ebrahimi M, Fathizadeh H, Khorshidi A, Khan H, Marzhoseyni Z, Salavati-Niasari M, Mirzaei H. Chitosan-based nanoparticles against bacterial infections. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2021;251:117108 [Crossref]
82- Xing X, Su J, Liu Y, Lin H, Wang Y, Cheng H. A novel visible light-curing chitosan-based hydrogel membrane for guided tissue regeneration. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. 2022;218:112760 [Crossref]
83- Perveen K, Masood F, Hameed A. Preparation, characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties of epirubicin loaded PHB and PHBV nanoparticles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2020;144:259 [Crossref]
84- Yahya Alqahtani F, Sfouq Aleanizy F, Alkahtani H, El Tahir E, Akber Ansari S, Alharbi A, Al-Bdrawy A, Shakeel F, Haq N, Al-Rasheed L, Alfaraj R, Alshememry A, Alsarra I. Chitosan loaded RNA polymerase inhibitor nanoparticles increased attenuation in toxin release from Streptococcus pneumonia. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2023;31(1):170 [Crossref]
85- Rahman T, Anwar M, Zeb M, Liaqat W. Green synthesis, characterization, antibacterial activity of metal nanoparticles and composite oxides using leaves extract of Ocimum basilicum L. Microscopy Res & Technique. 2022;85(8):2857 [Crossref]
86- Jabbari P, Mahdavinia G, Rezaei P, Heragh B, Labib P, Jafari H, Javanshir S. pH-responsive magnetic biocompatible chitosan-based nanocomposite carrier for ciprofloxacin release. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2023;250:126228 [Crossref]
87- Amiri P, Kardan-Yamchi J, Kazemian H, Rezaei F. Antibacterial activity of chitosan-based nanohybrid membranes against drug-resistant bacterial isolates from burn wound infections. Arch Microbiol. 2022;204(6) [Crossref]
88- Binesh N, Farhadian N, Mohammadzadeh A. Enhanced stability of salt-assisted sodium ceftriaxone-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: Formulation and optimization by 32-full factorial design and antibacterial effect study against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2021;618:126429 [Crossref]
89- Moosazadeh Moghaddam M, Bolouri S, Golmohammadi R, Fasihi-Ramandi M, Heiat M, Mirnejad R. Targeted delivery of a short antimicrobial peptide (CM11) against Helicobacter pylori gastric infection using concanavalin A-coated chitosan nanoparticles. J Mater Sci: Mater Med. 2023;34(9) [Crossref]
90- Arafa M, Mousa H, Afifi N. Preparation of PLGA-chitosan based nanocarriers for enhancing antibacterial effect of ciprofloxacin in root canal infection. Drug Delivery. 2020;27(1):26 [Crossref]
91- Özel D, Yurt F. Investigation of radiolabelled chitosan nanoparticles bearing Cefpodoxime Proxetil, and in vitro antibacterial effect on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2020;326(3):1551 [Crossref]
92- Logigan C, Delaite C, Popa M, Băcăiță E, Tiron C, Peptu C, Peptu C. Poly(ethylene glycol) Methyl Ether Acrylate-Grafted Chitosan-Based Micro- and Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery System for Antibiotics. Polymers. 2024;16(1):144 [Crossref]
93- Raouf M, Essa S, El Achy S, Essawy M, Rafik S, Baddour M. Evaluation of Combined Ciprofloxacin and azithromycin free and nano formulations to control biofilm producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from burn wounds. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2021;39(1):81 [Crossref]