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eISSN: 2251-7308 
pISSN: 2228-5881 

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Adv Pharm Bull. 2022;12(4): 658-672. doi: 10.34172/apb.2022.070
PMID: 36415646        PMCID: PMC9675923

Review Article

Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofibers: Current Research and Applications in Biomedical Application

Arezo Azari 1 ORCID, Ali Golchin 2,3 * ORCID, Maryam Mahmoodinia Maymand 4 ORCID, Fatemeh Mansouri 5,6 ORCID, Abdolreza Ardeshirylajimi 7,8 ORCID

Cited by CrossRef: 16

1- Paul M, Lee W, Song W, Im J. Electrospun polycaprolactone fibers encapsulating omega-3 and montelukast sodium to prevent capsular contracture in breast implant surgery. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2025;679:125744 [Crossref]
2- ELhabal S, El-Nabarawi M, Hassanin S, Hassan F, Abbas S, Gebril S, Albash R. Transdermal fluocinolone acetonide loaded decorated hyalurosomes cellulose acetate/polycaprolactone nanofibers mitigated Freund’s adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats. J Pharm Investig. 2025;55(1):113 [Crossref]
3- Onesto V, Forciniti S, Alemanno F, Narayanankutty K, Chandra A, Prasad S, Azzariti A, Gigli G, Barra A, De Martino A, De Martino D, del Mercato L. Probing Single-Cell Fermentation Fluxes and Exchange Networks via pH-Sensing Hybrid Nanofibers. ACS Nano. 2023;17(4):3313 [Crossref]
4- A, Islam M, Rahman M, Hossain M. Antibacterial electrospun nanofibrous mats fabricated from polycaprolactone, gelatin and Synedrella nodiflora extract for biomedical applications. RSC Adv. 2026;16(29):26320 [Crossref]
5- Işık C, Teke M. Polycaprolactone/chitosan/manganese (II) oxide nanofiber: improving pH stability of arginase enzyme. Polym Bull. 2025;82(13):7827 [Crossref]
6- Sali A, Duzyer Gebizli S, Goktalay G. Silymarin-loaded electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibers as wound dressing. Journal of Materials Research. 2023;38(8):2251 [Crossref]
7- Chaka K, Cao K, Tesfaye T, Qin X. Nanomaterial-functionalized electrospun scaffolds for tissue engineering. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. 2025;36(3):371 [Crossref]
8- Keshari R, Muddala G, Rajput A, Balakrishnan B, Kaur N, Srivastava R. Theranostic nanoparticles for osteoarthritis: Converging drug delivery and imaging toward personalised joint healthcare. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2026;115:107796 [Crossref]
9- Monsef Shokri N, Merati A. Development of chromic electrospun nanofibers for pH sensing. The Journal of The Textile Institute. 2026;117(6):1116 [Crossref]
10- Goshtasbi N, Mehryab F, Mortazavi S, Ghorbani R, Haeri A. Fabrication, Physicochemical Characterization, and in Silico Evaluation of Bilayer Nanofibers as a Potential Sustained Crocin Delivery Dressing. J Pharm Innov. 2024;19(3) [Crossref]
11- Maduro L, Teixeira B, Marques F, Archanjo B, Thiré R, Granjeiro J, Boldrini L. Physicochemical and biological evaluation of doxycycline-loaded polycaprolactone nanofibers produced by solution blow spinning for bone regeneration. In vitro models. 2026; [Crossref]
12- Esmaeilzadeh K, Farzi Molan S, Sefat F, Nadri S. Free and encapsulated stem cells for skin regeneration. Bioimpacts. 2025;15:30806 [Crossref]
13- Azeez A, Varrier R, Varughese I, Rema R, Menon D, Menon K. A Low Protein Binding Electrospun Membrane Filter for Efficient Biological Media Sterilization. ACS Omega. 2025;10(28):29992 [Crossref]
14- Başbuğ B, Beycan B, Erdoğan M, Karakışla M, Saçak M. Exploring Waste Wool Derived-Keratin Nanofiber Architectures on Cotton Fabrics: Electrospinning Strategies for Enhanced Material Properties. ACS Appl Polym Mater. 2024;6(13):7417 [Crossref]
15- Saha D, Basak P, Bodhak S. Silver‐Doped PCL‐Silk Fibroin Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds with Synergistic Osteogenic and Antimicrobial Activity. ChemBioChem. 2026;27(9) [Crossref]
16- An J, Li S, Ma T, Chen Y, Santerre J, Wang W, Ma P, Zhang X. Co-delivery of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages with an electrospun patch suppresses endometrial fibrosis via IL-10 related signaling. Front Immunol. 2026;17 [Crossref]
17- Geysoğlu M, Cengiz Çallıoğlu F. Electrospinning of protein based egg albumin nanofibers. The Journal of The Textile Institute. 2025;116(3):399 [Crossref]
18- Dachani S, Vashi A, Mundada A, Mundada P, Rudrangi S, Rudrangi S, Tiwari R. “Innovative Polymers in Pharmaceutical Chemistry: Revolutionizing Drug Delivery Systems”. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials. 2025;64(7):911 [Crossref]
19- Bayram F. Preparation of Superhydrophobic Cotton Textile Modified with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Loaded PLA/PCL Nanofiber Mats for Efficient Oil–Water Separation. Fibers Polym. 2025;26(11):4857 [Crossref]
20- Dadkhah D, Zare Chavoshy H, Nasri N, Ghasemi R. Electrospun gelatin/PCL nanofibers incorporating curcumin loaded hydroxyapatite: a dual function antibacterial wound dressing for controlled drug release and accelerated skin repair. Biomed Phys Eng Express. 2026;12(1):015031 [Crossref]
21- Hotowy A, Rokiciańska A. Three-dimensional culture of heart tissue constructs from heart progenitor cells on a polycaprolactone scaffold - optimization. 2026;44(1):63 [Crossref]
22- Yavari A, Ito T, Yamazoe E, Hara K, Tahara K. PVA nanofibers: electrospinning techniques and pharmaceutical applications. Therapeutic Delivery. 2025;16(11):1071 [Crossref]
23- Ikhtiarini N, Kamil M, Bukit B, Juliadmi D, Prasetiyo K, Fransiska D, Sedayu B, Subiyanto B, Sulastiningsih I, Rochima E, Arivendan A, Syamani F. Biocompatible composites based on alginate, polycaprolactone, and nanocellulose - A review. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2025;311:143423 [Crossref]
24- An J, Ma T, Wang Q, Zhang J, Santerre J, Wang W, Ma P, Zhang X. Defining optimal electrospun membranes to enhance biological activities of human endometrial MSCs. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2025;13 [Crossref]
25- Kaliaperumal C, Thulasisingh A. Electrospun polycaprolactone/chitosan/pectin composite nanofibre: a novel wound dressing scaffold. Bull Mater Sci. 2023;46(1) [Crossref]
26- Arunachalam S, Dixit H, Samavedi S. Establishment of Unique Cone Shapes and Universal Shape Parameters toward Predicting Fiber Diameter in Polymer Electrospinning. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2024;63(30):13238 [Crossref]
27- Nazemoroaia M, Bagheri F, Mirahmadi-Zare S, Eslami-kaliji F, Derakhshan A. Asymmetric natural wound dressing based on porous chitosan-alginate hydrogel/electrospun PCL-silk sericin loaded by 10-HDA for skin wound healing: In vitro and in vivo studies. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2025;668:124976 [Crossref]
28- Wani T, Khan R, Rather A, Rafiq M, Majeed S, Khan H, Sheikh F. Novel Bioactive Multi-layered Nanofibers Composed of poly(ɛ-caprolactone) and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Loaded with Zoledronic Acid and Silver Nanoparticles. BioNanoSci. 2025;15(2) [Crossref]
29- Karimi shayan T, Asadi A, Abdolmaleki A, Hassanpour H. The Neuroprotective Effects of Nano-Scaffolds Enriched with Piracetam and Octreotide Drugs on Neural Cells Following Oxidative Stress. Shefaye Khatam. 2024;12(2):1 [Crossref]
30- Singh E, Osmani R, Banerjee R, Abu Lila A, Moin A, Almansour K, Arab H, Alotaibi H, Khafagy E. Poly ε-Caprolactone Nanoparticles for Sustained Intra-Articular Immune Modulation in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Rodent Model. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(3):519 [Crossref]
31- Kim D, Yi S, Park B, Eom S, Kang S, Kim D, Kim H. Light-Blocking Nanofiber Membranes Facilitating Physiologically Relevant In Situ Transmigration Assay. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2025;11(3):1834 [Crossref]
32- Başkan Bayrak H. Factorial Design Analysis of Solvent System Influence on Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fiber Diameter. 2026;29(3):1 [Crossref]
33- Sharma N, Hayati F, Andrabi S, Su Y, Mondal B, Xie J. Functional Nanofiber Scaffolds Enabling Local Immunomodulation and Inhibition of Ectopic Bone Formation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2026;18(6):9559 [Crossref]
34- Lumpapiwat J, Marinier P, Ratanavis A. A low-cost fabrication method for PCL-GO microfibers. J Micromech Microeng. 2026;36(4):045014 [Crossref]
35- Alemdar S, Pekel Bayramgil N, Kepekci R, Sahin D, Alhag S, Akkoc S. Thymol-based Schiff base-loaded poly ( ε -caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun nanofiber mats with anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties . The Journal of The Textile Institute. 2026;117(6):1213 [Crossref]
36- Taghizadeh F, Heidari M, Mostafavi S, Mortazavi S, Haeri A. A review of preparation methods and biomedical applications of poly(ε-caprolactone)-based novel formulations. J Mater Sci. 2024;59(24):10587 [Crossref]
37- Ullrich M, Pulipaka B, Yin J, Hlinková J, Zhang F, Chan M, O’Brien F, Dervan A, Dziemidowicz K. Neuroprotective Riluzole-Releasing Electrospun Implants for Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2025;22(6):2905 [Crossref]
38- Rahnama M, Ghasemzadeh N, Ebrahimi Y, Golchin A. A comprehensive evaluation of dermal fibroblast therapy in clinical trials for treating skin disorders and cosmetic applications: a scoping review. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024;15(1) [Crossref]
39- Yekrang J, Yousefi A. Co-electrospun (polyvinyl alcohol/ Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum)-polycaprolactone hybrid nanofibers for antibacterial wound dressing applications . International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials. 2024;73(16):1401 [Crossref]
40- Yang M, Cheng Q, Zhou G, Wei T, Zhong S, Lu L, Yan C, Wang Y, Fang M, Yang M, Ping W. Electrospinning Aligned SF/Magnetic Nanoparticles-Blend Nanofiber Scaffolds for Inducing Skeletal Myoblast Alignment and Differentiation. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 2024;7(11):7710 [Crossref]
41- Phuong H, Thu D, Liem N, Doan V. Stable Fabrication of Chitosan/Polycaprolactone (CS/PCL) Core-Shell Nanofibers by Electrospinning. MSF. 2024;1139:107 [Crossref]
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43- Kumar P, Jain A, Sharma M, Garg A, Ganguly S, Patel A, Khan Y, Debnath B, Ashique S, Hussain M. Nanofibres: a promising approach in drug delivery systems. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials. 2026;75(5):500 [Crossref]
44- Altay F, Alakaş E, Yiğit R. Electrospinning Encapsulation of Electrolytes and Their In Vitro Transdermal Release Modeling. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2026;19(3) [Crossref]
45- Erez E, Eroğlu A, Bayramoğlu B. Fabrication of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Nanofibrous Mats Loaded with Purple Basil Extract (Ocimum basilicum L.) as Colorimetric pH Indicator Films. Food Bioprocess Technol. 2025;18(8):7484 [Crossref]
46- Amini F, Delavari H. H, Ghovvati S, Poursalehi R. Electrospinning optimization for enhanced hydrophilicity and surface functionality of Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Polyethyleneimine nanofibers with embedded Fe3O4 nanoparticles. J Polym Res. 2025;32(10) [Crossref]