Logo-apb
Adv Pharm Bull. 2022;12(2): 274-282.
doi: 10.34172/apb.2022.028
PMID: 35620336
PMCID: PMC9106950
Scopus ID: 85128230280
  Abstract View: 1028
  PDF Download: 617
  Full Text View: 48

Review Article

mRNA as a Therapeutics: Understanding mRNA Vaccines

Ferdi Oğuz 1 ORCID logo, Harika Atmaca 2* ORCID logo

1 Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Muradiye, Manisa, Turkey.
2 Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Muradiye, Manisa, Turkey.
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding Author: Harika Atmaca, Tel: +905392171696, Email: , Email: harika.atmaca@cbu.edu.tr

Abstract

Vaccination is one of the important approaches in the prevention and control of diseases. Although the capacity to present antigens other than the disease-specific antigen in the traditional vaccine composition provides a potential benefit by increasing its protective efficacy, many components that are not needed for the related disease are also transferred. These components can reduce vaccine activity by lowering immunity against protective antigens. The reasons such as the low effectiveness of traditional vaccines and the high cost of production and time-consuming reasons show that it is necessary to develop a new vaccine method for our world, which is struggling with epidemics almost every year. Among nucleic acids, mRNA has many advantages, such as genomic integration, induction of anti-DNA autoantibodies, and immune tolerance induced by long-term antigen expression. mRNA vaccines have become a therapeutic target for reasons such as efficacy, safety, fast and non-expensive production. The fact that mRNA triggers both humoral and cellular immunity and goes only to the cytoplasm, not to the nucleus, makes it highly efficient. The mRNA must cross the lipid bilayer barrier and entry to the cytoplasm where it is translated into protein. There are two main ways of mRNA vaccine delivery for this: ex vivo loading of mRNA into dendritic cells (DCs) and direct injection of mRNA with or without a carrier. Studies continue to understand which delivery system is therapeutically more efficient. Preclinical and clinical trials showed that mRNA vaccines trigger a long-lasting and safe immune response.


First Name
 
Last Name
 
Email Address
 
Comments
 
Security code


Abstract View: 1029

Your browser does not support the canvas element.


PDF Download: 617

Your browser does not support the canvas element.


Full Text View: 48

Your browser does not support the canvas element.

Submitted: 02 Feb 2021
Revision: 07 Mar 2021
Accepted: 15 May 2021
ePublished: 16 May 2021
EndNote EndNote

(Enw Format - Win & Mac)

BibTeX BibTeX

(Bib Format - Win & Mac)

Bookends Bookends

(Ris Format - Mac only)

EasyBib EasyBib

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Medlars Medlars

(Txt Format - Win & Mac)

Mendeley Web Mendeley Web
Mendeley Mendeley

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Papers Papers

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

ProCite ProCite

(Ris Format - Win & Mac)

Reference Manager Reference Manager

(Ris Format - Win only)

Refworks Refworks

(Refworks Format - Win & Mac)

Zotero Zotero

(Ris Format - Firefox Plugin)