Dito Anurogo
* 
, Ririn Tri Ratnasari
*, Novi Irmania
* , Muhammad Sobri Maulana, Kholis Abdurachim Audah, Novi Sekar Sari, Maratu Soleha, Amir Su'udi, Ahmad Hafidul Ahkam, Andi Weri Sompa, Riswal Nafi' Siregar, Maulida Mazaya, Riri Rimbun Anggih Chaidir, Azzah Khoridah Maulidiya, Suryani As'ad, Ami Febriza Achmad, Nur Rahmah Awaliah, Gangga Anuraga, Waode Fifin Ervina, Noorman Rinanto, Era Catur Prasetya, Tzu-Jen Kao, Tria Astika Endah Permatasari, Arli Aditya Parikesit, Nguyen Quoc Khanh Le, Nadhirah Nordin
*Corresponding Author: Research Fellow in Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, 21300, Malaysia Email dito.anurogo@med.unismuh.ac.id, ririnsari@feb.unair.ac.id, novi053@brin.go.id
Abstract
Depression is a complex and debilitating disorder requiring innovative therapeutic strategies beyond conventional approaches. This study explores the emerging field of nanoimmunobiotechnomedicine, which integrates nanotechnology, immunobiology, and biotechnology to advance understanding and treatment of depression. Using an interdisciplinary approach, data from epigenetics, nutrigenomics, and advanced bioinformatics were synthesized alongside molecular and cellular neuroscience techniques and pharmacogenomics to investigate the underlying mechanisms of depression. The findings highlight the potential of nano-based interventions, such as targeted drug delivery systems and anti-inflammatory nanotherapies, to reduce neuroinflammation, enhance neuroplasticity, and improve therapeutic precision. Multi-omics analyses underscore the roles of neurotrophic factors and gut–brain axis interactions, while pharmacogenetic evidence supports the feasibility of personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual genetic profiles. The integration of nanotechnology and immunobiology has been shown to improve drug bioavailability, molecular specificity, and treatment outcomes, representing a significant step toward precision medicine in psychiatry. This convergence of molecular biology and nanotherapeutics holds transformative potential to revolutionize depression management, offering more effective, individualized, and durable solutions for improving mental health.