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Adv Pharm Bull. 2024;14(3): 574-590.
doi: 10.34172/apb.2024.052
  Abstract View: 373
  PDF Download: 243

Review Article

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Treatment

Parisa Kangari 1,2* ORCID logo, Reza Salahlou 3,4, Somayeh Vandghanooni 2* ORCID logo

1 Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4 Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
*Corresponding Authors: Parisa Kangari, Email: pk_biology@yahoo.com; Somayeh Vandghanooni, Email: vandghanoonis@tbzmed.ac.ir

Abstract

Cancer, as a complicated disease, is considered to be one of the major leading causes of death globally. Although various cancer therapeutic strategies have been established, however, some issues confine the efficacies of the treatments. In recent decades researchers for finding efficient therapeutic solutions have extensively focused on the abilities of stem cells in cancer inhibition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can the most widely extracted from various sources such as the bone marrow (BM), placenta, umbilical cord (UC), menses blood, Wharton’s jelly (WJ), adipose tissue and dental pulp (DP). These cells are capable of differentiating into the osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Due to the unique characteristics of MSCs such as paracrine effects, immunomodulation, tumor-tropism, and migration, they are considered promising candidates for cancer therapeutics. Currently, MSCs are an excellent living carrier for delivery of therapeutic genes and chemical agents to target tumor sites. Also, exosomes, the most important extracellular vesicle released from MSCs, act as a strong cell-free tool for cancer therapeutics. MSCs can prevent cancer progression by inhibiting several signaling pathways, such as wnt/β-catenin and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. However, there are several challenges associated with the use of MSCs and their exosomes in the field of therapy that need to be considered. This review explores the significance of MSCs in cell-based therapy, focusing on their homing properties and immunomodulatory characteristics. It also examines the potential of using MSCs as carriers for delivery of anticancer agents and their role in modulating the signal transduction pathways of cancer cells.
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Submitted: 06 Mar 2024
Revision: 12 Jun 2024
Accepted: 19 Jun 2024
ePublished: 22 Jun 2024
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